Tuesday 30 June 2020

Picking a camping site and a first helicopter trip

By Rey Mourot 

Hi all! Rey here. I'm the youngest member of the Greenland 2020 team - as my supervisor would say, I'm "the team baby". As a short introduction, I am a future PhD student in Liane's team at the GFZ, and I am the "ice corer" of the Deep Purple team. I will study the organization and composition of microbial communities minerals in the columns of ice, with a special focus on the snow - ice transition - that's where everything happens! I already had (and will have) many "first times" during this expedition! First time in Greenland, first time seeing all kinds of new species of plants and birds, trying new food... But on Friday, June 27 was my first time flying in an helicopter. You should certainly read Martyn's post about our arrival in Narsarsuaq. On our first day here Liane, Martyn and myself had a first look IRL at the ice sheet section we were interested in for setting up our camp. Following many discussion with Jason Box, who will accompany the Deep Purple team for the first part of our Summer 2020 field season, we explored and selected a good camp site. We left the first part of our cargo on the ice, so that we can set the camp fast once our real adventure begins, when the Aarhus team - Eva, Laura, Alex, Lasse, and Jason will join us tomorrow. 

Before flying, in the morning, after hesitation and delays due to low clouds covering the mountains, we received the OK call from Pilu, our helicopter pilot and fixer, that he will come to pick us up in Narsarsuaq airport, direction: the ice sheet! The helicopter was already packed full with Zarges boxes and bags for our field camp.


  
Fig 1. My 1st helicopter experience

As the clouds disappeared, this first flight in the helicopter was crazily beautiful. The surroundings of Narsarsuaq is full of mountains of all sizes, some covered by green mosses and some species of flowers I still need to investigate. The melted snow forms diverse ponds of translucent water reflecting the sun.

 
 
 
Fig 2. My 1st iceberg landscapes

As we flew by I saw my first real icebergs (another first time!, my previous icebergs sightings were on a glacial river in Iceland), small farms, sheep... and finally, the massive ice sheet. Even if it appears bright white on the distance, as we got closer it became clear that the surface was actually pretty dark due to a ton of dark particles (minerals and algae) that we can see from the helicopter. 

 
Fig 3. Dark ice surface next to Nunatak

We asked Pilu about how the ice sheet melted during the past years, and he estimated a retreat of more than 15 meters a year in some places. Even on a marvellous trip like this one, climate change is frightening...

As we finally approached our intended camp site area, Pilu had to try to land at different places. 

There was still plenty of snow (and visible red snow algae) on the ground and we had to land a bit lower to find a perfect spot, but here it is.

For a small insight on how we're choosing it, see below!

Smart criteria for a good camping site:
- on the bare ice: even if we chose a broad area with no big crevasses to set our camp, the snow is covering potential dangerous patches. So, safety first!
- not too far away from a small river, which we will use as drinking water source, water for doing the dishes... and all human functions that we still do, even during a science mission on an ice sheet.
- slightly elevated, so our tents can be kept safe from melted snow / slush avalanches

Science criteria for a good camping site:
- not too far from a promice.dk met station 
- not too far from a Nunatak (rock promontory in the middle of the ice field) where Jason will install a rain gauge to monitor precipitations. 
- not too far from the snow line so we can follow the melt and algal bloom progression and development but still be able to collect good transitional snow to ice samples 

Over the 3 weeks of camping we will have to move our tents regularly anyway, to follow the snow line and find a new, safer, and less wet spot as the landscape is changing. We found the perfect spot, and even saw a beautiful patch of bright red snow algae on the way! Our camp will be at ~710m above sea level. 

Once we arrived, we disembarked and remained on the ice in the brilliant sun and Pilu flaw back to Qakortoq to pick up the remaining boxes that were waiting for us since the spring - sent there for an April mission which I was supposed to be part of and that was supposed to be with Alex, Jason, and Masashi; alas Covid19 happened! 

We were more than happy to stay for one hour and a half on the ice sheet under a bright sun and beautiful blue sky. Let me tell you, time goes fast when you can listen to Martyn and Liane talking about polar bear and research stories in such a cool landscape. As I'm in charge of the GoPro, I was glad to record some of the weird things the PIs could do to celebrate the finding of the-perfect-site!
 

Fig 4. PI’s being silly

We left our boxes on the ice, and they are waiting to be united with the remaining cargo tomorrow when we come back, this time with the full team... 

After a final return flight …. over marvellous landscapes … my 1st ‘helo’ flight was over and we had a well-deserved beer after this successful day! 


Sunday 28 June 2020

Unmasking en route to Narasarsuaq

by Martyn Tranter

Elderly masked person in helicopter, Narsarsuuaq, 27th June 2020

I have been locked down at home in Monkton Combe, just outside Bath, for three months. I have been no further than 10 miles from home about three times, and mostly within a mile of home, and this to fish in a very quiet stream at the bottom of the valley, where I barely see a soul. My wife drags me out of the house for a few miles walk on a Sunday morning. We have socialised not more than 10 times, and with both our adult children at home we barely had time to keep in touch with friends as much as we would have liked. Most interactions were via the internet, and those flat 2D interactions are not as subtle as 4D meetings with folk in person.

I booked a COVID test at Bristol Airport on Monday morning (22nd June) and assumed that I would test positive, a false positive of course, and be unable to go into the field. The 17 mile drive to the airport seemed a bit like this man’s first trip to the moon and a little surreal. I didn’t really like being taken out of my routine of loading up the computer and doing e-stuff, remembering to stand up every hour, and trying to finish around 5 with my daily Danish lesson, else you can always find something to work on. Now, it was interacting with real people outside my close family, friends and neighbours again. I didn’t get tested for COVID, I did a self test, which I thought was bonkers, since I could easily bias the result, but I did my best to pierce my tonsils and one of my sinuses with the lethal plastic cotton bud with a long stem, messed up breaking the stem at the wrong place, but still did sufficiently well to be deemed a success at self testing. I drove home slowly, enough to hiss off most cars behind me most of the time, and then felt in limbo. I was convinced I’d test false positive.

The text came at about 05.30 I think, not being great in the mornings, and I was a negative. It was game on for Greenland, and shit……. I had to get ready for the journey. My son drove me to Heathrow, allowing two hours to my doddery three or four. It all seemed a bit fast on the motorway to me. Then, we put on the dreaded face facemasks about five miles from the airport, looking like we were going to draw our guns and rob the place – we’d have been shot for sure with all the security around by the way. The mask gives you a good idea of how stale your breath is and mist up your glasses. It was a pain in the front side to wear, and I kept lifting it when I talked to folk, who were very patient with me to be fair. Ieuan drove off and I was by myself with a rucksack, a large bag of clothes, field equipment and magazines I hadn’t read over the past three months, and my laptop bag containing instructions on where to be and when. Ieuan had loaded them onto a trolley, and I pushed out into Terminal 2. All those people in masks, everyone looking at each other in case of a cough or an unprotected nose or mouth.

If there is a silver lining to COVID, then airport check in and security hassle being minimised just has to be it. I was apprehensive about being around a multitude of equally nervous masked folk, but folk were very friendly, matter of fact and there was so little queuing I didn’t know what to do with the extra two hours I had in the departure lounge. There was plenty of room, folk positioned themselves the maximum distance possible from each other, I was away from my computer screen, and so I made a few phone calls to my family, and spoke/txt’s/e-mailed/What’sApp’d friends that I’d neglected this last three months.

Another silver lining was getting onto the plane. We boarded strictly from the back to the front. Bugger the elite card holders and first class passengers. Elderly folk and folk with young kids get preference of course, but COVID has made the rest of us more equal in place queues. SAS ran the flight with Nordic precision and treated us like adults in terms of telling us what they could and couldn’t provide on the flight anymore. Most of us sat with the gap of a seat between each other. I had to fly to Stockholm first, and change within 40 mins to board the Copenhagen flight. SAS managed that very well too, because despite being 10 mins late departing, they held the Copenhagen flight 10 mins to let 37 folk make the connection. All the luggage made it too. My thought at the time was that I’d make it to Greenland but without any clothes or equipment……

Copenhagen was busy – there were people without masks outside the airport, and they seemed to be relaxed around each other, albeit at a distance of 1m. Liane Benning and Rey Mourot had already arrived from Potsdam, via Frankfurt, and we had to stay in the Clarion Hotel at the airport. The receptionist and staff were relaxed about having a masked old git turn up, looking anxiously around, with too many bags and too little control over his trolly. I could even take the mask off, which by that time was driving me nuts. Then I saw Alex Anesio and  Rey at the bar, and it was like old times, except we didn’t know whether to shake hands, so elbow bumped. He rest of the team turned up over the next hour, and slowly I got used to talking to 4D people again. We ate together – my first meal with folk outside my family in three months – had a few beers in public, and life didn’t seem to be that inward looking, bounded by a mile radius and quite so bad anymore.

Liane, Rey and I had breakfast unmasked with a bunch of other travellers, all 1m removed as a minimum, at about 06.30, and then wandered over to the airport with a bunch of additional equipment that Lasse Degn had left us the previous night, and which Eva Doting kindly brought to the hotel just after breakfast. Masks on again, and the silver lining of fewer people flying made the 09.00 queue for the Air Greenland Flight slightly less chaotic than it usually is. It was going so well – Liane and Rey showed their German negative COVID test results, then I got my UK negative result out. A print out of the e-mail I received. The negative test result did not show the date I had been tested. I showed the text message of the negative result – no test date. I showed the receipt I had been given for my self-tested sample at the airport. Yes, it wasn’t dated. The senior Air Greenland customer services representative who had come across to look after an elderly guy in despair was very patient with me. She said “take a few deep breathes, we can sort this out”, and as I did, it came to me to search my deleted e-mails for the confirmation of the air port test. It came up on my i-phone and I was on my way. Thank you Air Greenland.

 

@Copenhagen Airport (l-r, elderly old git, Eva Doting, Rey Mourot and Liane Benning)

 Boarding was again from the back rows to the front, and again one elderly old git was smiling behind his  mask in approval. The flight was great and I slept, and there was one seat free either side of most people. Most times I have arrived in Kangerlussuaq in summer I have been covered in mosquitos almost as soon as I walk off the plane. Not this time. A silver side to climate change is that it was raining heavily – I can’t remember it raining in Kangerlussuaq in about ten previous visits. Mosquitoes don’t fly in the rain, and it could have rained non-stop for the two hours we were in Kanger as far as I was concerned.

 

Our plane in the rain – note the absence of mosquitoes

We transferred from the jet-engined airbus to a twin prop De Haviland (I think). You literally walk out of the door of the airport and walk onto the plane, just like you would catching a taxi. The big thing now was that you didn’t have to wear a face mask. I felt fine without it, but a few other folk kept theirs on.

 

Flagging down a plane to take you to Nuuk, and then Narsarssuaq. Mosquitoes still notably absent

We flew down the coast to Nuuk in about an hour, had a cup of coffee in the airport, and then flew for an hour down to Narsarsuaq, which is near the southern tip of Greenland, and to the west. It is a quite beautiful place, although you wouldn’t think that from this amateur photograph of the airport.

 

The airport at Narsarsuaq, and a lot of the town too

We walked out the airport and five minutes down the road was out hotel, where we have since be ensconced. The staff are very friendly and helpful, and the quarantine arrangements are quite laid back as long as we keep our distance from other folk. Flights to Greenland and down to Narsarsuaq were quickly booked up when they were confirmed, so Liane, Rey and I are three days in advance of the main party since they were the only ones we could get. However, we have been allowed to fly with a local helicopter company, Sermeq Helicopters, as long as we are masked, and we took the opportunity on Saturday to do a field recce to establish the location of our main camp site, and to drop some of our cargo to make the the camp. 

Rey will post the next blog, since this was his first helicopter flight. I’ve been allowed to say that the general field site is just fantastic for the type of work we do. What is there not to like about an area with this type of surface characteristics?

 

Dark surface ice on the southern tip of the Greenland Ice Sheet near Narsarsuaq

Well, the ice sheet melts faster because of the darkening, and that is not a good thing for the rate of sea level rise.

What have I learnt from the trip so far? I started off very anxious about travelling and meeting up with other people, even those who I know well in 2D from e-meetings. It’s not the destiny, it’s the journey. I believe that travel broadens your mind and experience, and allows you to see life outside the confines of your regular domain. This trip confirms those prejudices. I am a privileged elderly white man, who is even more privileged to be here in southern Greenland now. Those folk of my generation and older, including friends, neighbours and family who are shielding, seem to concur that the virus is a disease of the elderly and those with underlying health conditions. I don’t think that any of us want to hold back younger healthy folk from having the experiences, negative, neutral and positive, of interacting with other folk and travelling. I would gladly swap places with my children and remain in lock down, and painful as it would be, isolate from them to give them the chance to experience life as I think I did forty years ago. How that happens, and where it can happen, is a complex issue, and the political solution should be nuanced to account for that complexity. What I feel is that life has to go on for younger generations, and if I have to loose liberties or take more risks as a consequence, then so be it. I remain older, simplistic and no wiser, clearly.

Next up is Rey to blog about our trip into the field yesterday. Until next post…… Martyn Tranter.

The mask sure made an improvement


Wednesday 24 June 2020

Preparing for Greenland field work in times of COVID

By Liane G. Benning

Being allowed to do field work this summer is a huge privilege and we are not taking it lightly – the inherent dangers of the virus we all live with are very real.  We had in a frenzy packed and shipped all our gear (and some) in early June although we did not yet know then if we would get a permit, find flights, be allowed into Greenland, or arrange a field camp etc etc. The moral issue about going at all to a virus-free country weighed heavily on our minds. At least for myself I almost became a hermit and distanced myself from all humans for the last 3 weeks so as not to jeopardise our chances and possibly get infected. I did eat loads of salad to prepare for the lack of it on the ice, and once @Rey_Mourot arrived back from the ‘exile’ in France, we did final lab preparations… 

Stocking up on salad in preparation for the lack of it on the ice

@Rey_Mourot doing the sterilisation of the mineral mix for the in situ and fertilisation experiments… to be done soon on the Greenland Ice Sheet


All planning and care is however useless in the light of the possibility that at the last moment a test comes back positive for any of us. 

Alas, the advance @DeepPurpleERCSy team consisting of our fearless leader @MartynTranter1 and, as far as I know, our youngest team members @Rey_Mourot and myself @LianeGBenning have all tested negative and can thus tomorrow embark on the 1st leg in our 6-stop journey to our field site in south Greenland. Tomorrow evening we transit through CPH airport and meet the DK part of the DeepPurple team. On Friday morning (crossing all digits that we have all paperwork we need – I counted 20 pieces) we will hopefully be allowed to board the AirGreenland plane to Kangerlussuaq/Nuuk/Narsarsuaq. That will be followed by 5 days quarantine in the airport hotel combined with lots of hope for all to go well. There are many possible plans B, C, D, …X, yet ultimately keeping everyone safe at our end but also in the Greenlandic community is the only thing that matters. The next step is to be united with the 2nd part of the team and getting onto the ice.

Only once we are left behind by the helicopter on the ice sheet will we be convinced that field work this summer will indeed happen. 

But I am after all the eternal optimist so it will work out somehow. 

We are a GO! (for now)

Monday 15 June 2020

How to prepare for fieldwork during a pandemic

by Eva Doting

On Monday May 11, the Aarhus University cryo-bio group held its first physical meeting since the lockdown in Denmark was announced two months prior. We met up in a park, discussed some science and ate some cookies while fending off some overly eager ducks that seemed more interested in our cookies than our science. It was here that Alex mentioned that it was really starting to look like we might be able to get to Greenland for a very reduced version of our original fieldwork plans. Two days later, during one of the regular Deep Purple Team Zoom meetings, it was decided that we would start ordering, planning, packing and shipping as if it was certain that we'd be heading to the ice. 

Despite everyone's intentions to keep ambitions low, they quickly spiralled from planning a 4-person grab-and-go expedition into planning a full on 7-person-three-week-long ice camp. Scientific imaginations ran wild, orders for scientific equipment, chemicals, camping gear, food provisions, down pants, jackets and boots were being placed at record speed and packages quickly started pilling up in our offices.


With our postdoc Laura Perini still stuck in Italy due to an impressive number of COVID-related flight cancellations and while navigating the social distancing and limited attendance rules at our department, we started filling box after box, after box, after box... Over the span of a short week, we packed scientific, food and camp supplies onto 5 pallets weighing an impressive total of 1215 kg. A couple of 16+ hour work (and weekend) days and several paperwork nightmares later, the major share of our gear was wrapped up and ready for its first leg of travel: by truck to the port in Aalborg, Denmark. From there, it will make a two-week journey over sea to Nuuk, where it will be loaded onto a second ship that will sail it to Qaqortoq. Once in Qaqortoq, it will be picked up for transport to the ice by helicopter sling load. It will be there, on the Greenland Ice Sheet near PROMICE weather station QAS_M (https://www.promice.dk/CurrentWeatherMap.html), that we hope to be reunited with our gear. 


With load one on its way, we went home to catch up on some sleep before heading back to pack a sixth pallet with stuff that had not arrived before the first departure. On Tuesday June 9, a little less than one month after the decision to start ordering, planning and packing, this final pallet was picked up to follow in the footsteps of the first 1215 kg. It is expected to arrive in Qaqortoq around the same time that we hope to be landing in Narsarsuaq, on June 30, armed with negative COVID-19 tests, a bunch of warm clothes, some scientific equipment that we were not able to ship, high spirits and even higher ambitions. Until then, we will be working on finalising sampling protocols and field logistics while anxiously watching the status of our flights and expected delivery dates of the equipment that has not arrived yet. Fingers crossed!! 

Saturday 6 June 2020

Did I send everything we need for our summer field work..?

by Liane G. Benning

Hope is the last thing to die, and for me as an eternal optimist, hope and its best 2nd cousin - preparation - partly saved our summer field trip; despite lockdown since middle March, and the cancellation of our spring trip, the ever growing @DeepPurpleERCSy team discussed and planned for every eventuality despite not knowing if we will be able to go at all, or for how long. Thus, unsurprisingly we made plan A, B, C, D ….X … Should one plan and pack for sampling and in-field experiments for 1 week or > 1 month? Invariably we took the approach - plan for everything and react to the situation.

The @GFZ_Potsdam @DeepPurpleERCSy team could not have done this without the tireless help of Marc Paje – our lab technician; he and I had many discussions and exchanges through endless Skype, Zoom, WhatsApp, Slack and you name it e-platforms; together with @Chris_Trivedi and @knutkonopke and our team's PA Sandy Herrmann all in lockdown in Potsdam and with @Rey_Mourot stranded in France, we slowly managed to not just plan for every possibility and order the needed consumables and field gear (including having to purchase new Zarges boxes …grrrr – that is another story) but do this while fine-tuning our field sampling, sample handling and sample processing procedures to be as flexible as possible. Not to forget the help from all members of with @AlexAnesio's team in Denmark.  

Naturally plans are good but … nothing prepared me for the storm of activity once we decided to pack and ship even if in the end we could not go. To do this at the best of times in 3-4 days is a tall order – to do this in 3-4 days while under “only essential presence at work return rules” and while wearing masks and following all social distancing rules was even harder but ultimately the glorious sight of our 9 boxes all packed, inventoried and labelled was a good reward;


To get our gear/consumables to Greenland we needed to first ship it to Denmark where it was combined with @AlexAnesio team’s consumables and the very important camping and safety gear for all of us; they will tell that story next …
 
I don’t know if we have managed to pack all we need but ultimately that is irrelevant – if we will manage to go we will do great science together. I could not have done this without the fabulous team effort and inputs from all our early carer scientists and project managers who despite these weird times have all done a fabulous job. Thank you all, and chapeau

Thursday 4 June 2020

Fieldwork in July is likely to happen........

by Martyn Tranter

The last couple of weeks have been a little bonkers, and Manic Mondays have become Manic Weeks. We were given a small window to get into the field at the end of June, and to work through into the second half of July. We think we have gotten everything in place to work on the southern tip of the Greenland Ice Sheet, near to Narsarssuaq. I’ll let Alex’s and Liane’s groups tell their stories about getting ready, and working around COVID19 restrictions. I have been very proud of the way that our younger researchers and project managers have worked flat out to get equipment, travel plans and permissions into place. We’ll keep you posted of developments and the stories over the coming weeks, as folk recover from their endeavours and have a little time to post on this blog. I hope that you enjoy the stories and observations of what will follow, which perhaps will give you an insight to what is involved with getting a field science team onto the ice sheet for three weeks. Take best care in these viral days meanwhile.